• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    System and method of analysis of the gas present in the inter-cellular space of solar tube receivers. The present invention relates to a method and non-invasive system for evaluating the vacuum state and detecting the type of gas existing in the inter-cellular cavity of receiver tubes (1) present in parabolic trough collectors. The method comprises the ignition of a plasma in the inter-cellular cavity of said receiver tube (1), and the subsequent evaluation of the spectrum emitted by the excited plasma by means of an optical analysis subsystem. The system of the invention also comprises a radio frequency source (2), an impedance coupler (3) and a radiofrequency applicator (4) by means of which radiofrequency energy is applied on the outer cover (1 ") of tube glass (1). The optical analysis subsystem is equipped with a spectrometer (7) which, connected to a computer (10), performs the analysis of the spectrum of the gas present in the receiver tube (1). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2589964A1
    申请号:ES201530521
    申请日:2015-04-17
    公开日:2016-11-17
    发明作者:Guillermo ESPINOSA RUEDA；Noelia Martínez Sanz；Jose Luis NAVARRO HERMOSO；Pedro CASTILLERO DURÁN；Francisco Yubero Valencia；Ángel BARRANCO QUERO；José COTRINO BAUTISTA；Juan Pedro ESPINÓS MANZORRO；Agustín RODRÍGUEZ GONZÁLEZ-ELIPE
    申请人:Abengoa Solar New Technologies SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    SYSTEM AND METHOD OF ANALYSIS OF GAS PRESENT IN THE INTERANULAR SPACE OF SOLAR TUBE RECEIVERS
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention is part of the field of equipment technology or optical characterization technologies, applicable to solar radiation receiving tubes. More specifically, the invention relates to a portable system, for the non-destructive evaluation of the vacuum of the receiving tube of parabolic trough collectors, as well as for the identification of the possible gases that contribute to the residual pressure detected in said tube. This system includes all the necessary components to perform this measurement, including the processing of the associated data and its storage.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Within the technical field related to obtaining renewable energies, it is known to capture solar thermal energy (also known as solar thermal energy), which is of great technological and economic importance, both in the domestic and industrial fields. Within the means of thermosolar generation, thermoelectric solar energy generation systems are known, which produce electricity with a thermoelectric cycle that requires the heating of a high temperature fluid, by absorbing radiant energy. These systems require a maximum absorption of solar energy and the lowest possible energy losses.
    One type of solar thermal power plants of special relevance are the so-called central parabolic trough collectors (CCP), in which the light is concentrated by parabolic trough mirrors in collecting systems, said systems comprising a plurality of vacuum tubes, or similar structures. These components consist essentially of an inner absorber tube and an outer tube, generally of glass. In the design of these tubes, it is sought to reduce losses by conduction, convection and radiation of energy. Specifically, to minimize or interannulate convective losses between the inner tube and the outer tube, known techniques include the application of vacuum in the space between them, commonly called interanular space.
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    Therefore, a problem that is necessary to diagnose and solve, to guarantee a useful and efficient life of these receiving tubes, is the eventual loss of vacuum that occurs due to the incorporation of gases into the space between the glass tube and the steel. With the loss of vacuum, thermal losses by convection appear, which decrease the overall efficiency of the plant formed by the solar thermal collectors that typically includes several thousand of them, where a useful life of at least 20- must be guaranteed. 25 years.
    Considering a glass in full state and with the level of vacuum guaranteed by the supplier, there are several possible causes for the loss of this vacuum: the incorporation of hydrogen or some other gaseous molecule from thermal oil degradation, which manages to diffuse through from the wall of the steel tube; the incorporation of external gas inside the tube, by diffusion through the outer tube, or by some defect in said tube, such as a pore or crack, or as a result of a defective welding between the glass and the metal components with those who joins; and it can also happen that the vacuum state of a tube supplied by a manufacturer is defective in origin. In any case, it is not evident, based on the state of the art technologies, how to identify the vacuum state of these receiving tubes in a non-intrusive way, identifying the gases present in them.
    In order to minimize the effects of a possible loss of vacuum, solutions consisting of the incorporation of vacuum tuning elements introduced into the interanular cavity of the receiving tubes have been developed. Several examples in this line are found in US patent applications 2007/0034204 A1, WO 2011131456 A1, WO 2011051298 A1 or CA 2754797 A1. However, the introduction of tuning elements, although they help to limit the loss of vacuum of the tubes, do not serve to diagnose the state of vacuum of the tubes.
    A possible evaluation of the malfunction of the receiver tubes in the solar field is through the use of thermal cameras sensitive to infrared radiation. Due to heat losses due to convection, a greater heating of its walls will occur in the tubes that lose their vacuum condition, which can be diagnosed with a thermal chamber. However, this solution does not identify the degree of vacuum loss or the type of gas that causes it. Its sensitivity in the initial stages of vacuum degradation is therefore limited.
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    There are many vacuum detection systems based on intrusive methods (the active part of the sensor is located in the vacuum area to be detected), but these systems are not applicable in the scope of the invention. The method of diagnosis of vacuum to be used should preferably be non-intrusive, that is, it must operate without the need to intervene or modify the structure or design of the receiver tube. It must be taken into account that there are many solar utilization facilities based on the use of receiver tubes in parabolic trough collectors, each with thousands of units of tubes, and that these elements do not incorporate any pressure or gas detection system in its interanular cavity, if present.
    Within the devices for identifying vacuum leaks in glass tubes, detectors based on the use of Tesla coils (for example, as described in US Patent 4,471,309) are known, which, from a discharge of several tens Thousands of volts and current of up to a few milliamps, at frequencies of hundreds of kilohertz, are capable of producing a light discharge inside glass tubes with a low pressure gas. This type of instrument is used as a leak detector, since the discharge into the air is concentrated in the possible pore of the glass chamber. However, as with the previously described technologies, these coils do not allow to determine either the degree of vacuum or the type of residual gas inside the tubes.
    The present invention is oriented to solve the problems of the state of the art mentioned above, by means of a novel method and a non-invasive system for detecting the vacuum state, as well as the type of gas present in the interanular cavity of tubes installed in solar collectors parabolic trough
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    According to the information set forth in the previous section, an object of the present invention is, therefore, the obtaining of non-invasive evaluation means of the gas existing in the interanular space of thermosolar concentrator tubes, so that said means are reliable, robust and that allow to identify the composition of gas inside, as well as the pressure at which it is found.
    Said object is preferably realized by means of a system comprising the following elements:
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    - A radio frequency source whose power output is connected to an impedance coupler.
    - An impedance coupler whose function is to adjust the total impedance of the entire system, so that as much energy as possible is transmitted efficiently from the radiofrequency source to the applicator and to the final object analyzed, that is, that the Radio frequency power absorbed by the object is maximum and that the reflected to the source of radio frequency is minimal.
    - An electronic controller interconnected between the radio frequency source and the impedance coupler, whose function is to read the amount of energy reflected by the final object in relation to the energy emitted by the source, and modify the configuration of the coupler configuration accordingly. impedances, so that the reflected energy is minimal.
    - A radiofrequency applicator that is placed in contact with the glass cover of the heat transfer tube. Its purpose is to transmit to the interanular cavity of the tube the energy supplied by the radiofrequency source, in order to produce the ignition of a plasma with the gas present inside the cavity. This applicator can have several geometric configurations such as: a ring, a coil or series of turns, etc. This applicator consists of an electrical connection so that it is possible to apply the energy in the form of radiofrequency, and on the other hand an optical detection system to be able to analyze the light generated by the plasma in the gas.
    - A radiofrequency cable that connects the impedance coupler with the radiofrequency applicator and through which the radiofrequency energy circulates.
    - An optical detection system composed of a spectrometer, optical fiber and a collimating lens (integrated in the radiofrequency applicator), and a control computer. The collimator lens is oriented towards the center of the tube, in the area where the plasma is turned on. The optical fiber connects the collimator lens with the spectrometer and the latter connects to the computer.
    - A plasma activator system (for example a Tesla coil), which allows to extend the range of pressures in which the equipment is able to ignite plasma on a certain gas.
    - Two ground connections. The first one is connected to the power source and therefore protects said equipment as well as the impedance coupler and the electronic controller. The second one is connected in the connection between the collimating lens and the optical fiber, protecting the optical system and the computer.
    The radiofrequency applicator is placed around the glass area of the heat transfer tube. The optical detection system consists of a collimating lens to which a
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    optical fiber that carries the light generated by the excitation of the discharge to the optical spectrometer. In addition, the optical spectrometer is connected to a computer through which it is possible to visualize the spectrum of light excited in the light discharge. The excited light spectrum will be characteristic of the type of gas present in the interanular cavity of the receiving tube as well as its pressure. The collimator lens is in a radial position oriented towards the center of the receiving tube and serves to obtain a luminous signal of a higher quality in addition to minimizing noise or light interference from other sources such as, for example, ambient light, allowing that way make measurements during the day.
    The detection system described allows to analyze both tubes in storage, and those installed in a solar field of receiving tubes, present in the cylindrical-parabolic collectors.
    Another object of the invention relates to a method of analysis of gases present in solar collector tubes, said method based on the system described herein, and comprising the following steps:
    - The analysis system is mounted, fixing its measurement and plasma ignition elements on the collector tube.
    - With the system mounted, the image acquisition software is started and a calibration of the light (noise) captured by the system is made, to subtract it from the signal recorded below.
    - Radio frequency power is applied to the applicator, being placed in intimate contact with the glass cover of the receiving tube.
    - The radio frequency to be considered should preferably be between 30 kHz and 300 MHz.
    - The radiofrequency power to be applied must be sufficient to produce the ignition of a plasma in the interanular cavity of the receiving tube, which is achieved, in general, with applied radiofrequency powers greater than 5 watts, in the case of heat-carrying tubes .
    - The impedance coupler is configured to ensure that the reflected radio frequency power is zero. The impedance coupler preferably consists of an electric system of capacitors and coils, whose purpose is to achieve the maximum transfer of energy between the power source and the radiofrequency applicator. Capacitor capacity values e
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    Inductances of the coils suitable for this purpose are selected either manually, or automatically. This process is done automatically by the control electronics.
    - The spectrum recorded by the spectrometer is captured and its characteristic peaks and intensity are analyzed, to identify the composition and pressure of the gas.
    If in the above conditions there is no light discharge in the interanular cavity of the receiving tube in the vicinity of the radiofrequency applicator, the plasma activator can be applied, preferably for 1-2 seconds, in order to try to help ignition of the light discharge.
    The conditions under which plasma ignition occurs may vary depending on geometric factors (distance between the inner wall of the glass cover and the surface of the inner tube, thickness of the glass cover, applicator geometry, alignment between central absorber tube and glass cover, etc.), of the type of gas or mixture of gases present in the interanular cavity of the receiving tube, and of the pressure at which said gas is located.
    It is known that the use of radiofrequency energy (frequently 13.56 MHz) is capable of producing the ignition of plasmas in dielectric tubes containing a reduced gas pressure, either by application of the radiofrequency energy by means of coils outside the dielectric tube , either by application of the radiofrequency power inside the tube. This technology is widely used in processes of deposition of plasma coatings under reduced pressure or chemical attacks by plasma. However, the ignition of a plasma in the interanular cavity of a dielectric tube (glass) with a metal tube inside, as is the case of the solar collector tubes, in order to evaluate the vacuum state of the same from the characteristics of the light discharge (optical emission spectrum depending on the wavelength, color, size) it is not reported in the literature. It should be noted that the characteristics of the light discharge (optical emission spectrum depending on the wavelength, color, size) are closely linked to the type and pressure of residual gas in the interanular cavity of the receiving tubes.
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    DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    In order to help a better understanding of the main features of the invention, a series of figures that are provided with an illustrative and not limitative character of the object thereof are included below.
    Figure 1 shows the configuration of the measurement system of the invention according to a preferred embodiment thereof, applied to a collecting tube to determine its vacuum state.
    Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of the system of the invention according to a preferred embodiment thereof.
    Figure 3 shows a spectrum of hydrogen gas emission, as a function of the wavelength (in nm).
    Figure 4 shows the emission spectrum of nitrogen gas, as a function of wavelength (in nm).
    Figure 5 shows the emission spectrum of the argon gas, as a function of the wavelength (in nm).
    Numerical references of figures 1-4:
    (1) - Parabolic trough collector tube.
    (1 ’) - Inner absorber tube, central absorber tube.
    (1 ’’) - Glass outer tube, glass cover.
    (2) - Radio frequency source.
    (3) - Impedance coupler.
    (4) - Radio frequency applicator.
    (5) - Electronic controller.
    (6) - Radio frequency cable
    (7) - Spectrometer.
    (8) - Optical fiber.
    (9) - Collimating lens embedded in a piece with thread at both ends.
    (10) - Control computer.
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    (11) - Plasma activator.
    (12) - First connection to the protective earth of the optical subsystem.
    (13) - Second connection to the protective earth of the radio frequency source.
    (14) - First connector for coupling the collimating lens of the optical subsystem.
    (15) - Second connector based on a cylindrical part, on which the radiofrequency cable is inserted.
    (16) - Screw to fix the radiofrequency cable once inserted.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    A detailed description of the invention related to a preferred embodiment thereof, based on the schemes of Figures 1 and 2 of this document, is set forth below. These figures show a tube (1) of parabolic trough collector, consisting of an inner metal tube (1 ’) and another outer tube (1’) of glass. The system of the invention, preferably comprising the following elements, is applied externally and non-invasively on said tube (1):
    - A source of radiofrequency (2) that will be used to generate and apply ionizing radiation to the interanular space of the tube (1).
    - An impedance coupler (3) connected to the power output of the radio frequency source (2), whose function is to adjust the total impedance of the complete system so that, by means of a radio frequency applicator (4), the greatest possible amount of energy is transmitted efficiently from the radiofrequency source (2), to the interanular space of the tube (1), that is, that the radiofrequency power absorbed by said space is maximum and that it is reflected to the source of radiofrequency is minimal.
    - An electronic controller (5) interconnected between the radio frequency source (2) and the impedance coupler (3), whose function is to read the amount of energy reflected by the interanular space of the tube (1) in relation to the energy emitted by the source (2), and modify the configuration of the impedance coupler (3) accordingly, so that the reflected energy is minimal.
    The radiofrequency applicator (4) is preferably placed in contact with the glass cover (1 ’) of the heat transfer tube (1’). Its purpose is to transmit to the interanular cavity of the tube (1) the energy supplied by the radio frequency source (2), in order to produce the ignition of a plasma with the gas present inside the cavity. This applicator (4) can have several geometric configurations such as: a ring, a coil or series of turns, etc. (Figures 1 and 2 of this document show an embodiment
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    preferred where the applicator (4) is a ring that surrounds the outer tube (1 ’) of glass). This applicator (4) consists of an electrical connection so that it is possible to apply the energy in the form of radiofrequency, and on the other hand an optical detection subsystem to be able to analyze the light generated by the plasma.
    Said electrical connection is preferably provided by means of a radiofrequency cable (6) that connects the impedance coupler (3) with the radiofrequency applicator (4) and through which the radiofrequency energy circulates.
    For its part, the optical detection subsystem is composed of a spectrometer (7), an optical fiber (8) and a collimating lens (9) (preferably integrated in the radiofrequency applicator (4)), together with a control computer (10) The collimator lens (9) is preferably oriented towards the center of the tube (1), in the area where the plasma is turned on. Also, the optical fiber (8) connects the collimator lens (9) with the spectrometer (7) and the latter is connected to the computer (10), for example by means of a USB cable.
    In a preferred embodiment, the system of the invention comprises a plasma activator (11) which, advantageously, allows to extend the range of pressures in which the equipment is capable of igniting plasma on a certain gas.
    More preferably, the system of the invention comprises two ground connections (12, 13), where the first ground connection (12) is connected to the radio frequency source (2) and therefore protects said equipment, as well as to the impedance coupler (3) and the electronic controller (5). The second ground connection (13) is preferably connected between the collimating lens (9) and the optical fiber (8), thus protecting the optical subsystem and the computer (10).
    As an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radiofrequency applicator (4) can be a copper tape, 1-2 cm wide and 0.3-0.7 mm thick, which is placed by hugging the outside of glass (1 '') of the receiver tube (1). With these dimensions and configuration, an optimum ignition pressure range (from 10-3 to 200 mbar) is achieved for the application of the receiver tubes (1) of parabolic trough solar thermal collectors. The use of copper as an applicator material and the dimensions mentioned guarantee a good conductivity of the radiofrequency current, as well as the installation of the applicator (4) in a comfortable way. This applicator (4) (Figure 2 of this document) has two connectors (14, 15) attached in a solidary manner to the tape of
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    copper. A first connector (14) is for the optical subsystem, specifically to couple the collimating lens (9). It consists, for example, of a circular piece with thread on which the lens (9) is screwed, thus being in a fixed position. The second connector (15) consists, for example, of a cylindrical piece integral with the copper tape, on which the radiofrequency cable (6) is inserted, coming from the radiofrequency source (2), and fixed by means of the tighten a screw (16).
    Thus, the collimating lens (9) is located in the connector (14) of the optical system, after which the optical fiber (8) that will direct the light signal to the optical spectrometer (7) is connected. The spectrometer (7) is connected to the computer (10) which allows, through specific software, the acquisition and treatment of the detected light spectrum.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a 13.56 MHz radio frequency source (2) is used, together with an impedance coupler (3) whose output is connected, as mentioned, to the applicator (4) via a cable radio frequency (6). The electronics controller (5) is connected between both devices, and allows you to automatically adjust the impedance coupler configuration (3).
    As a complementary element to extend the range of plasma ignition pressures, a Tesla coil is used as activator (11) of said plasma. This device is preferably placed close to the outer tube (1 ’) at an optimal distance between 5 and 10 cm. Its activation is manual and its download must be applied simultaneously to the radiofrequency application.
    The protective earth connection (12) of the radio frequency source (2) is driven into the ground by, for example, a copper spike. The protective earth connection (13) of the optical subsystem is connected, for example, to the support structure of the collector.
    Application example 1: receiver tube (1) with 1 mbar of H2 in its interanular cavity:
    In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the test is performed in a receiver tube (1) of the SCHOTT PTR70 type, where 1 mbar of hydrogen has been introduced in a controlled manner into its interanular cavity.
    Conditions under which the test was carried out:
    - External diameter of the central tube (1 ’) tube absorber (1) receiver: 7 cm.
    - External diameter of cover (1 ’) of glass tube (1) receiver: 12.5 cm.
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    - Central absorber tube (1 ’) and glass cover (1’) aligned with the axial axis of the receiver tube (1).
    - Width of the radiofrequency applicator (4): 2 cm.
    - Frequency and radio frequency power applied: 13.56 MHz; 50W
    - Type of gas and pressure in the interanular cavity: Hydrogen, 1 mbar.
    Following the protocol described above, ignition occurs, without using the plasma activator (11), of a light discharge, whose extension will be approximately 10 cm around the position of the radiofrequency applicator (4), whose spectrum Optical emission is the one reported in Figure 3 of this document. This spectrum unequivocally identifies the presence of hydrogen in the interanular cavity of the recipient tube (1). The most intense emission line at 656 nm is characteristic of the H_alpha excitation of the hydrogen atom. On the other hand, the emission line at 456 nm is characteristic of the H_beta emission of the hydrogen atom. The intensity ratio of these lines (and the size of the light discharge) is characteristic of the hydrogen pressure in the interanular cavity of the recipient tube (1).
    Application example 2: receiver tube (1) with 1 mbar of air in its interanular cavity:
    In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the test is performed in a receiver tube (1) of the SCHOTT PTR70 type, where 1 mbar of air has been introduced in a controlled manner into its interanular cavity.
    Conditions under which the test was carried out:
    - External diameter central tube (1 ’) absorber: 7 cm.
    - External diameter covered (1 ’’) glass: 12.5 cm.
    - Central absorber tube (1 ’) and glass cover (1’) aligned with the axial axis of the receiver tube (1).
    - Width of the radiofrequency applicator (4): 2 cm.
    - Frequency and radio frequency power applied: 13.56 MHz; 50W
    - Type of gas and pressure in the interanular cavity of the receiving tube (1): Air, 1 mbar.
    Following the protocol described in the section, ignition occurs, without the need to use the plasma activator (11), of a light discharge, whose extension will be approximately 10 cm around the position of the radiofrequency applicator (4), whose optical emission spectrum will be the one reported in Figure 4 of this document. This
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    Spectrum unequivocally identifies the presence of nitrogen (the main component of air) in the interanular cavity of the recipient tube. Among other characteristic lines of nitrogen emission, the emission systems at 700-760 nm and 300-400 nm corresponding to said atom are observed. The intensity ratio of the most intense lines of these systems (and the size of the light discharge) is characteristic of the nitrogen pressure in the interanular cavity of the recipient tube (1).
    Application example 3: receiver tube (1) with 5-10-3 mbar of argon in its interanular cavity:
    In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the test is performed in a receiver tube (1) of type SCHOTT PTR70, where 5-10-3 mbar of argon has been introduced in a controlled manner into its interanular cavity.
    Conditions under which the test was carried out:
    - External diameter central tube absorber (1 ’): 7 cm.
    - External diameter covered with glass (1 ’): 12.5 cm.
    - Central absorber tube (1 ’) and glass cover (1’) aligned with the axial axis of the
    receiver tube (1).
    - Width of radiofrequency applicator (4): 2 cm.
    - Frequency and radio frequency power applied: 13.56 MHz, 50 W.
    - Type of gas and pressure in the interanular cavity of the receiving tube: Argon, 5-10-3 mbar.
    Following the protocol described in the section, the ignition will take place, being necessary the use of the plasma activator (11), of a light discharge whose extension will be approximately 10 cm around the position of the radiofrequency applicator, whose optical emission spectrum It will be the one reported in Figure 5 of this document. Among other characteristic lines of argon emission, the emissions of the first (810 nm), second (750 nm) and third (763 nm) positive emission systems of the atom of
    argon. The intensity ratio of the most intense lines of these systems (and the
    size of the light discharge) is characteristic of argon pressure in the interanular cavity of the recipient tube.
    On this same scenario and taking as a variable parameter the pressure, some examples are presented in which it will also be possible to light plasma on argon (Table 1, below):
     Pressure (mbar)  Radio Frequency Power (W) Plasma activator required
     3-10'3  50 YES
     4-10-3  50 YES
     5-10'3  50 YES
     110-2  50 YES
     3-10'2  50 NO
     1-10 "1  50 NO
     3-10'1  50 NO
     one  50 NO
     3  50 NO
     6  50 YES
     7  50 YES
    Table 1. Analysis of the use of the plasma activator (11) in measurements performed in the presence of argon gas.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
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    1. - Gas analysis system present in the interanular space of a parabolic trough tube (1), of the type comprising a metal inner tube (1 ') and another glass outer tube (1' '), characterized said system by which it comprises:
    - a radio frequency source (2);
    - a radiofrequency applicator (4) adaptable to the outer contour (1 ’) of the tube (1) of the parabolic trough collector;
    - an impedance coupler (3) connected to the power output of the radio frequency source (2) and also connected to the radio frequency applicator (4);
    - an electronic controller (5) of the radiofrequency applicator (4), interconnected between the radiofrequency source (2) and the impedance coupler (3);
    - a subsystem (7, 8, 9, 10) of optical detection of the properties of the gases present in the interanular space of the tube (1), connected to the radiofrequency applicator (4);
    - a plasma activator (11) equipped with plasma ignition means on the gas present in the interanular space of the tube (1).
    [2]
    2. - System according to the previous claim, wherein the radiofrequency applicator (4) is a ring, a coil or a series of turns.
    [3]
    3. - System according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a first ground connection (12) connected to the radio frequency source (2).
    [4]
    4. - System according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the optical detection subsystem (7, 8, 9, 10) comprises a spectrometer (7), optical fiber (8), a collimating lens (9) and a computer (10 ).
    [5]
    5. - System according to the previous claim, wherein the collimating lens (9) is oriented towards the center of the tube (1).
    [6]
    6. - System according to any of claims 4-5, comprising a second ground connection (13) connected between the collimating lens (9) and the optical fiber (8).
    [7]
    7. - System according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the radiofrequency applicator (4) is a copper tape with a width between 1-2 cm and with a
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    thickness between 0.3-0.7 mm, placed by hugging the outside glass (1 ’) of the receiver tube (1).
    [8]
    8. - System according to the preceding claim, wherein the radiofrequency applicator (4) has two connectors (14, 15) connected in solidarity with the copper tape, where a first connector (14) is applied to the optical detection subsystem, and where the second connector (15) comprises a cylindrical piece integral with the copper tape, on which the radiofrequency cable (6) connected to the radiofrequency source (2) is inserted and fixed by tightening a screw (16 ).
    [9]
    9. - System according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the radio frequency source (2) has a working regime of frequency 13.56 MHz and radio frequency power 50 W.
    [10]
    10. - System according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the plasma activator (11) comprises a Tesla coil.
    [11]
    11. - Method of analysis of the gas present in the interanular space of a tube (1) of parabolic trough collector, of the type comprising a metal inner tube (1 ') and another outer tube (1' ') of glass, characterized because it comprises the use of a system according to any of the preceding claims, and the performance of at least the following steps:
    - the radiofrequency applicator (4) and the plasma activator (11) of the system are fixed to the outer tube (1 ’);
    - radio frequency power is applied to said applicator (4) by means of the radio frequency source (2), until the ignition of a plasma occurs in the interanular cavity of the tube (1);
    - the spectrum recorded by the spectrometer (7) is captured and the characteristic peaks, their intensity, and the size of the light discharge are analyzed, to identify the composition and pressure of the gas.
    [12]
    12. - Method according to the previous claim, where the plasma activator (11) is applied to the interanular space of the tube (1) for the ignition of plasma in the gas.
    [13]
    13. Method according to any of claims 11-12, wherein the impedance coupler (3) is regulated until the radiofrequency power reflected by the tube (1) is zero.
    14. Method according to any of claims 11-13, wherein the frequency of the
    Radio frequency source (2) to be applied is between 30 kHz and 300 MHz.
    [15]
    15. Method according to any of claims 11-14, wherein the plasma activator (11) is located at a distance between 5 and 10 cm from the outer tube (1 ’).
    10
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    ES2589964B1|2017-09-05|
    WO2016166396A1|2016-10-20|
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    PCT/ES2016/070250| WO2016166396A1|2015-04-17|2016-04-12|System and method for analysing the gas present in the interannular space in tubular solar receivers|
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